Pectra Upgrade: The Largest Upgrade on Ethereum to Date

The Pectra upgrade will integrate the two independent upgrades, Prague and Electra, and is expected to officially launch in Q1 2025. This upgrade may become the largest upgrade in Ethereum's history, addressing multiple issues related to scalability, security, and user experience.

Main Improvement Proposal ( EIPs ) Analysis

EIP-7702: Account Abstraction Wallet Revolution

• Allow existing EOA accounts to execute smart contract code, enabling complex transaction functionalities.
• May replace EIP-4337, promoting the birth of a new type of user-friendly wallet
• Helps attract Web2 users and promotes the development of innovative applications.

EIP-3074: Enhance EOA account functionality

• Allow EOA to delegate control to smart contracts, enabling complex transaction schemes.
• Introduce AUTH and AUTHCALL opcodes to extend EOA functionality
• Supports advanced features such as multi-signature, batch transactions, and Gas sponsorship.

EIP-7623: Optimize calldata pricing

• Increase calldata cost, reduce block size
• Enhance Layer 2 performance, optimize resource utilization
• Helps reduce transaction costs and improve network efficiency

EIP-7594(PeerDAS): Data Availability Sampling

• Enhance the network's support for rollups capabilities
• Improve data availability and network resilience
• Promote the development of DeFi and support innovation in emerging applications.

EIP-7251: Increase Validator Staking Limit

• Increase the validator staking limit from 32 Ether to 2048 Ether
• Reduce the risk of network instability and simplify validator operations
• Currently, there is controversy in the community, with concerns about centralization issues.

Comprehensive Impact

1. Promote the development of account abstraction and smart wallets to improve user experience.

2. Optimize Layer 2 performance and promote the development of scalability solutions.

3. Improve network efficiency and security, reduce transaction costs

4. Beneficial for the development of DeFi and innovative applications, attracting more users

5. May give rise to new ZK Prover networks and related tracks.

The Pectra upgrade will comprehensively enhance Ethereum's performance, bringing new development opportunities to the ecosystem. However, some proposals remain controversial and require further discussion within the community.